Campfire 101: Essential Fire Safety Tips for Every Camper

December 7, 2025

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A crackling campfire is the heart of any great camping trip. It’s where stories are told, marshmallows are roasted, and memories are forged in the warm, flickering glow. But this iconic symbol of the outdoors holds a significant power that demands respect. A moment of carelessness can lead to devastating consequences, from personal injury to widespread wildfires that scar our precious natural landscapes. Understanding and practicing proper campfire safety isn’t just a good idea; it’s a fundamental responsibility for every camper. This guide will walk you through the essential steps, from selecting the perfect spot and building your fire responsibly to managing the flames and ensuring it’s completely out before you leave.

Bestseller No. 1
MEKER Fire Color Changing Packets – Fire Pit, Campfires, Outdoor Fireplaces, Bonfire – Fire Color – Perfect Fire Camping Accessories for Kids & Adults (12 Pack)
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Bestseller No. 2
SecuCaptain Emergency Fire Blanket for Home and Kitchen – 2 Pack 40″x40″ Flame Suppression Fiberglass Fire Blankets for House Camping Car Office Warehouse Emergency Survival Safety
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Bestseller No. 3
BBQ Fireproof Gloves, Grill Cut-Resistant 1472°F Heat Resistant Gloves, Non-Slip Silicone Oven Gloves, Kitchen Safe Cooking Gloves for Oven Mitts,Barbecue,Cooking, Frying,13.8 Inch-Red
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Bestseller No. 4
Fire Starter Squares 64 – Fire Starters for Fireplace,Chimney,BBQ Grill,Camping Fire,Wood Stove – Water Resistant and Safe Odourless – Camping Accessories
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Bestseller No. 5
Heavy Duty 32” Long Fireplace Fire Pit Campfire Poker Stick and 26” Fireplace Tongs Tool Sets, Log Grabber, Rust Resistant Black Finish Camping Fireplace Tools for Indoor/Outdoor
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Last update on 2026-01-21 / Affiliate links / Images from Amazon Product Advertising API

Choosing your spot and preparing the pit

Before you even think about striking a match, the most important work begins with selecting and preparing your campfire location. An ounce of prevention here is worth a pound of cure. Your first action should always be to check local regulations. Fire restrictions and outright bans can be implemented at any time, especially during dry seasons. Check the website of the park, forest service, or local fire department before you leave home.

Once you’ve confirmed that campfires are permitted, follow these rules for site selection:

  • Use existing fire rings: Whenever possible, use a designated fire pit or ring. These are built in safe locations to minimize impact and risk.
  • Maintain a safe distance: If you must create a new pit, choose a spot that is at least 15 feet away from your tent, gear, vehicles, and any vegetation like overhanging tree branches, shrubs, or dry grass.
  • Find bare ground: Look for a location on bare soil, sand, or gravel, far from the base of any trees, which may have roots close to the surface that can catch fire and smolder underground.

After choosing your spot, proper preparation is key. Clear a 10-foot diameter circle around the site, removing all flammable materials like leaves, twigs, and grass, right down to the bare mineral soil. In the center of this clearing, dig a pit about one foot deep and circle it with rocks to create a barrier that will help contain your fire.

Building and lighting your fire responsibly

A camper building a fire, keeping to fire safety

With a safe pit ready, the next step is to build your fire in a way that is both efficient and easy to control. A well-built fire starts easily and burns cleanly without producing excessive smoke. The key is to use the right fuel in the right order. Think in three stages:

1. Tinder: This is your fire-starter. It needs to be small, fluffy, and bone-dry to catch a spark instantly. Examples include dryer lint, cotton balls with petroleum jelly, fine wood shavings, or natural materials like cattail fluff and birch bark.

2. Kindling: These are small, pencil-sized sticks and twigs that will catch fire from the tinder. They act as the bridge to get your larger logs burning. Ensure your kindling is dry and snaps easily when you bend it.

3. Fuelwood: This is the main source of long-lasting heat. Use logs that are about the thickness of your wrist or forearm. Avoid using huge logs, as they are hard to manage and even harder to extinguish fully.

When gathering wood, use only dead and fallen branches. Never cut down live trees or break branches off them. To prevent the spread of invasive species and tree-killing insects, it’s best to buy certified, heat-treated firewood from a local source near the campground rather than transporting it from home. When it’s time to light the fire, use matches or a lighter and ignite the tinder. Never use flammable liquids like gasoline, kerosene, or lighter fluid to start your fire. These can cause an uncontrollable flare-up and lead to severe burns.

Tending the flames: How to manage your campfire

A camper tending to a fire at night

Once your fire is burning, your job has just begun. Active and constant supervision is the most important rule of campfire safety. A fire can get out of control in seconds, especially if conditions change.

The cardinal rule is to never leave a campfire unattended, not even for a minute. If you need to step away to your tent or vehicle, make sure another responsible adult is watching the fire. If everyone is leaving the campsite or going to sleep, the fire must be extinguished completely.

Keep your fire a manageable size. A small, well-contained fire provides more than enough light and warmth and is far easier to control than a large, roaring blaze. It also conserves wood. Throughout the evening, be prepared for any emergency by keeping a bucket of water and a shovel nearby at all times. This is your first line of defense if embers escape the pit. Pay close attention to the weather. Wind is a campfire’s worst enemy, as it can carry hot embers long distances and ignite spot fires. If the wind picks up, it’s safest to extinguish your fire.

The final step: Extinguishing your fire completely

A camper drowning a fire

Leaving a campsite with a fire that is still hot is one of the leading causes of human-caused wildfires. A fire is not out just because the flames are gone; the embers and coals can stay hot enough to reignite for hours, even overnight. The only way to ensure your fire is truly out is to use the “drown, stir, and feel” method. This process is non-negotiable and should be performed every single time, whether you are heading to bed or packing up to go home.

Follow these steps methodically until your fire pit is cold to the touch.

StepAction and Details
1. DrownGently pour water over the entire fire, including all embers, coals, and rocks. Don’t just dump the bucket in one go; pour slowly to avoid splashing hot ash. Continue adding water until the hissing sound stops completely.
2. StirUse your shovel or a sturdy stick to stir the ashes and embers thoroughly. Scrape the bottom and sides of the pit to ensure all buried material is exposed to the water. This step is crucial for uncovering hidden hot spots.
3. FeelHold the back of your hand near, but not touching, the ashes and coals. If you feel any heat, it means the fire is not out. Repeat the process by adding more water and stirring again until the entire fire pit is cool.

If you don’t have enough water, you can use sand or dirt to smother the fire, but water is always the preferred and most effective method. Mix the sand with the embers until the entire area is cool.

A safe campfire is a successful campfire. By following these essential guidelines, you transform a potential hazard into the cherished centerpiece of your outdoor adventure. It begins with diligent preparation in choosing and clearing your site. From there, building the fire responsibly and actively managing the flames are crucial for control. The most critical step, however, is the last: ensuring your fire is completely cold before you pack up. The “drown, stir, and feel” method is your foolproof way to leave no trace of a threat. Embracing these practices isn’t about limiting fun; it’s about protecting our wild spaces and ensuring a safe return for yourself and future campers.

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Article by Dave

Hi, I’m Dave, the founder of Tent Explorer. I started this site to share my love for camping and help others enjoy the outdoors with confidence. Here, you’ll find practical tips, gear reviews, and honest advice to make your next adventure smoother and more enjoyable.​